Raw Materials

Synthetic "selected highly quality raw materials" (oxides and non-oxides).

Natural minerals, such as clay, quartz, feldspar, etc.

Shaping process

Pressing, hot pressure casting, injection, film rolling, isostatic pressing.

Grouting, mostly plastic molding

Firing process

Advanced methods such as vacuum sintering, protective atmosphere sintering, hot pressing and hot isostatic pressing are widely used in the temperature range of 1200 ~ 2200 ℃. Mainly fueled by electricity, oil and gas.

Generally below 1350 ℃, Mainly fueled by coal, oil and gas.

Properties

Emphasis on inner quality, it has excellent physical and chemical properties, high-strength, high-hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, and excellent performance in heat, light, sound, electricity, magnetism, chemistry, biology, etc.

Emphasis on outward appearance

Additional processing

Generally, additional processing (cutting, drilling, grinding and polishing) is required.

Generally, no additional processing required.

Purpose

Has wide range of valuable uses in petroleum, chemical, steel, electronics, textile and automobile industries. Also used in advanced technology industries, such as aerospace, nuclear and military.

Cooking utensils, tableware and handicrafts.